Dickens, Hawthorne, Eliot and Howells
E-Book: 256 English pages
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
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During the 19th century the U.S. and Britain came to share an economic profile unparalleled in their respective histories. This book suggests that this early high capitalism came to serve as the ground for a new kind of cosmopolitanism in the age of literary realism, and argues for the necessity of a transnational analysis based upon economic relationships of which people on both sides of the Atlantic were increasingly conscious. The nexus of this exploration of economics, aesthetics and moral philosophy is philanthropy.
Pushing beyond reductive debates over the benevolent or mercenary qualities of industrial era philanthropy, the following questions are addressed: what form and function does philanthropy assume in British and American fiction respectively? What are the rhetorical components of a discourse of philanthropy and in which cultural domains did it operate? How was philanthropy practiced and represented in a period marked by self-interest and rational calculation? The author explores the relationship between philanthropy and literary realism in novels by Charles Dickens, Nathaniel Hawthorne, George Eliot, and William Dean Howells, and examines how each used the figure of philanthropy both to redefine the sentiments that informed social identity and to refashion their own aesthetic practices.
The heart of this study consists of two comparative sections: the first contains chapters on contemporaries Hawthorne and Dickens; the second contains chapters on second-generation realists Eliot and Howells in order to examine the altruistic imagination at a culminating point in the history of literary realism.
Review
The author is right on the cutting edge of a rather important trend. Certainly sentimentalism, as a nexus of philosophy and aesthetics, has been fruitful ground for about fifteen years, now. The fact that few literary critics have included philanthropy as a central part of the discussion is something of a surprise. I think this treatment is timely and will be very useful in advancing our understanding of the influence of the Scottish Enlightenment on American culture broadly, and literary culture more narrowly.
—- (Gregg Camfield, Professor of English, University of the Pacific)
An ambitious and innovative investigation into the rise of aesthetic and cultural categories.
—- (Benjamin D. O’Dell Victorian Studies 1900-01-00)
About the Author
Frank Christianson is an Assistant Professor at Brigham Young University. He is the author of three journal articles (in Novel, Symbiosis, and Literature and Belief). This is his first book.